Istianto, M., K. Untung, Mulyadi, Y. A. Trisyono, and T. Yuwono. 2004.
The Compounds composition of sweet orange and pumello essential oils on some concentrations and their effects to the development of Panonychus citri McGregor (Acarina: Tetranychidae).
Panonychus citri is one of the most economically important citrus pests in Indonesia. One of the key success for managing the population of this pest is understanding the relationship between this mite and its host. However, information in this area is not well understood. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influences of essential oil extracted from sweet orange and pumello fruit peels on the development and reproductive capacity of P. citri and to understand the mechanism responsible for the different effects that will be useful to develop management program. The research was conducted in the laboratory from February to July 2003 in Tlekung Batu Malang and Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta. The treatments were 10, 20, 40, 80 ppm of essential oil, parafin and control. Each treatment was replicated 15 times and arranged in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the essential oil extracted from pacitan sweet orange and nambangan pumello fruit peels could inhibit the development and reduced the reproductive capacity of P. citri. The essential oils prolonged the life cycle and reduced the fecundity of P. citri. These negative effects were caused by limonene, a dominant compound in the citrus essential oil. The negative effects of essential oil extracted from nambangan pumello were found to be more pronounced than that from pacitan sweet orange. Concentration of linalool was found to be responsible for the differences, and it worked oppositely with limonene by reducing the negative effects of limonene on P. citri. Essential oil of pacitan sweet orange contained more linalool than pumello. This result gives an alternative technology to control P. citri by using volatile compounds produced by the plant itself with certain composition.
Key words: Essential oil; Sweet orange; Pumello; Panonychus citri; Development;
Reproductive capacity.
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